![]() ![]() In the southern hemisphere, the effect was identified over the South Atlantic Ocean. Lean and Rind ( 2008) analyzed 117 years of global meteorological data and found the effect of solar activity on the climate at the latitudes of 30 ° to 60 ° N and 30 ° to 50 ° S, with a peak amplitude of 0.5 K. Instead, they detected the El Niño Southern Oscillation. ![]() ( 2005), evidence of solar activity was sparsely recognized in tree rings found in Chile. However, in the analysis performed by Rigozo et al. The 12-year periodicity may be connected to solar activity. During the Maunder minimum, the tree grew with a periodicity of 12 years. However, an analysis was later performed on the same tree rings using a dendrochronology technique, which yielded an interesting result. ![]() One of the main purposes of our research was to analyze the variation of the radiocarbon C 14 during the Maunder minimum, and the results have been published (Miyahara et al. In a previous work, we analyzed the tree rings of a 391-year-old cedar in Muroji. 2011) and the other by Brazilian scientists (Rigozo et al. One was conducted by our group (Muraki et al. Here, we introduce two preceding studies based on tree rings. The total amount of precipitation reaches 800 mm in June. However, in June, the rainy season begins, and the sky over the island is covered with clouds. In July and August, the average high temperature is 30 ☌, and the average low temperature is 24 ☌. The average temperature of the island is 23 ☌ in the summer time and 16 ☌ in winter. The width of the current is about 100 km, and it has high salinity (34.8 per mill) but is poor in plankton compared to the Oyashio Current (a cold current). On the southern shore of Yakushima runs the Kuroshio Current (a warm ocean current). ![]() We analyzed the annual tree rings of the Yakusugi and obtained very interesting results that we report in this paper. The island is also well known to experience heavy rainfall, with the annual rainfall reaching 4,500 mm. Cedar trees with a lifetime of more than 1,000 years are called Yakusugi (Yaku cedars). On the island, there are mountains of 2,000 m height and cedar trees that have lived for more than 2,000 years. Yakushima has been declared a world natural heritage site by UNESCO. Yakushima (Yaku island) is located south of Kyushu in Japan (its geographical location is 30° 20 ′ N, 133° 30 ′ E). 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 Environment of Yakushima ![]()
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